Which of the following is NOT a key element of process management?

The correct choice in this question highlights a concept that does not align with the principles of effective process management. Overproduction refers to the situation where more products are produced than are needed, which not only leads to wasted resources but also disrupts inventory levels and can create excess costs.

In contrast, lean production and Six Sigma are methodologies focused on improving efficiency and reducing waste in processes. Lean production emphasizes the elimination of waste in all forms, aiming to create smoother workflows and better value for customers. Six Sigma, on the other hand, seeks to improve quality by identifying and removing causes of defects and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes. Process control is also a fundamental aspect of monitoring and maintaining operations to ensure they perform as intended.

Thus, overproduction stands in opposition to these key elements of process management, making it the choice that is not a key component in improving and managing processes effectively.